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Dorothy Vaughan and colleagues at Langley.
West Area computers, Langley. NASA. Public domain.

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Key dates

  • 1943: Dorothy Vaughan joins Langley
  • 1949: first Black supervisor at NACA (Vaughan)
  • 1953: Katherine Johnson starts at Langley
  • 1957: Sputnik 1
  • 1958: NASA created; Mary Jackson first Black female engineer; segregated facilities abolished at Langley
  • 1961: Alan Shepard’s flight (Johnson’s trajectory work)
  • 1962: Friendship 7; Johnson verifies numbers
  • 2015: Presidential Medal of Freedom (Johnson)
  • 2016: Shetterly’s book and Melfi’s film
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Three Black women at Langley built careers as human computers, supervisors and engineers while working under segregation. Vaughan led West Area Computing from 1949. Jackson became NASA’s first Black female engineer in 1958. Johnson verified numbers for Glenn’s 1962 orbital flight. The 2016 film honours them but invents or compresses some scenes; NASA sources keep the facts clear.